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MMPI-3 Scales

An outline of the 52 scales that comprise the 335-item MMPI-3.

The 335 item MMPI-3 consists of 52 scales.

Validity
Higher-Order (H-O)
Restructured Clinical (RC)
Somatic/Cognitive
Internalizing
Externalizing
Interpersonal
Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY-5)


Validity Scales

CRIN
Combined Response Inconsistency — Combination of random and fixed inconsistent responding
VRIN
Variable Response Inconsistency — Random responding
TRIN
True Response Inconsistency — Fixed responding
F
Infrequent Responses — Responses infrequent in the general population
Fp
Infrequent Psychopathology Responses — Responses infrequent in psychiatric populations
Fs
Infrequent Somatic Responses — Somatic complaints infrequent in medical patient populations
FBS
Symptom Validity Scale — Non-credible somatic and cognitive complaints
RBS
Response Bias Scale — Exaggerated memory complaints
L
Uncommon Virtues — Rarely claimed moral attributes or activities
K
Adjustment Validity — Uncommonly high level of psychological adjustment

Higher-Order (H-O) Scales

EID
Emotional / Internalizing Dysfunction — Problems associated with mood and affect
THD
Thought Dysfunction — Problems associated with disordered thinking
BXD
Behavioral / Externalizing Dysfunction — Problems associated with under-controlled behavior

Restructured Clinical (RC) Scales

RCd
Demoralization (DEM) — General unhappiness and dissatisfaction
RC1
Somatic Complaints (SOM) — Diffuse physical health complaints
RC2
Low Positive Emotions (LPE) — Lack of positive emotional responsiveness
RC4
Antisocial Behavior (ASB) — Rule breaking and irresponsible behavior
RC6
Ideas of Persecution (PER) — Self-referential beliefs that others pose a threat
RC7
Dysfunctional Negative Emotions (DNE) — Maladaptive anxiety, anger, irritability
RC8
Aberrant Experiences (ABX) — Unusual perceptions or thoughts associated with thought dysfunction
RC9
Hypomanic Activation (HPM) — Overactivation, aggression, impulsivity, and grandiosity

Specific Problems (SP) Scales
Somatic/Cognitive Scales

MLS
Malaise — Overall sense of physical debilitation, poor health
NUC
Neurological Complaints — Dizziness, weakness, paralysis, loss of balance, etc.
EAT
Eating concerns — Problematic eating behaviors
COG
Cognitive Complaints — Memory problems, difficulties concentrating

Internalizing Scales

SUI
Suicidal/Death Ideation — Direct reports of suicidal ideation and recent attempts
HLP
Helplessness/Hopelessness — Belief that goals cannot be reached or problems solved
SFD
Self-Doubt — Lack of self-confidence, feelings of uselessness
NFC
Inefficacy — Belief that one is indecisive and inefficacious
STR
Stress — Problems involving stress and nervousness
WRY
Worry — Excessive worry and preoccupation
CMP
Compulsivity — Engaging in compulsive behaviors
ARX
Anxiety-Related Experiences — Multiple anxiety-related experiences such as catastrophizing, panic, dread, and intrusive ideation
ANP
Anger Proneness — Becoming easily angered, impatient with others
BRF
Behavior-Restricting Fears — Fears that significantly inhibit normal behavior

Externalizing Scales

FML
Family Problems — Conflictual family relationships
JCP
Juvenile Conduct Problems — Difficulties at school and at home, stealing
SUB
Substance Abuse — Current and past misuse of alcohol and drugs
IMP
Impulsivity — Poor impulse control and nonplanful behavior
ACT
Activation — Heightened excitation and energy level
AGG
Aggression — Physically aggressive, violent behavior
CYN
Cynicism — Non-self-referential beliefs that others are bad and not to be trusted

Interpersonal Scales

SFI
Self-Importance — Beliefs related to having special talents and abilities
DOM
Dominance — Being domineering in relationships with others
DSF
Disaffiliativeness — Disliking people and being around them
SAV
Social Avoidance — Not enjoying and avoiding social events
SHY
Shyness — Feeling uncomfortable and anxious in the presence of others

PSY-5 (Personality Psychopathology Five) Scales

AGGR
Aggressiveness — Instrumental, goal-directed aggression
PSYC
Psychoticism — Disconnection from reality
DISC
Disconstraint — Under-controlled behavior
NEGE
Negative Emotionality / Neuroticism — Anxiety, insecurity, worry, and fear
INTR
Introversion / Low Positive Emotionality-Revised — Social disengagement and anhedonia