Contents

Minnesota County Map
Preface
Introduction
Frequently Asked Questions
Key to the Genera of Orchids Found in Minnesota

Genus Amerorchis
Amerorchis rotundifolia (round-leaved orchid)

Genus Aplectrum
Aplectrum hyemale (putty-root)

Genus Arethusa
Arethusa bulbosa (dragon’s-mouth)

Genus Calopogon (grass-pinks)
Calopogon oklahomensis (Oklahoma grass-pink)
Calopogon tuberosus var. tuberosus (tuberous grass-pink)

Genus Calypso
Calypso bulbosa var. americana (fairy-slipper)

Genus Coeloglossum
Coeloglossum viride (long-bracted orchid)

Genus Corallorhiza (coral-root)
Corallorhiza maculata var. maculata (spotted coral-root)
Corallorhiza maculata var. occidentalis (western spotted coral-root)
Corallorhiza odontorhiza var. odontorhiza (autumn coral-root)
Corallorhiza striata var. striata (striped coral-root)
Corallorhiza trifida (early coral-root)

Genus Cypripedium (lady’s-slippers)
Cypripedium acaule (stemless lady’s-slipper)
Cypripedium arietinum (ram’s-head lady’s-slipper)
Cypripedium candidum (small white lady’s-slipper)
Cypripedium parviflorum var. makasin (northern small yellow lady’s-slipper)
Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens (large yellow lady’s-slipper)
Cypripedium reginae (showy lady’s-slipper)

Genus Epipactis
Epipactis helleborine (broad-leaved helleborine)

Genus Galearis
Galearis spectabilis (showy orchis)

Genus Goodyera (rattlesnake-plantains)
Goodyera pubescens (downy rattlesnake-plantain)
Goodyera repens (lesser rattlesnake-plantain)
Goodyera tesselata (tessellated rattlesnake-plantain)

Genus Liparis (twayblade orchids)
Liparis liliifolia (lily-leaved twayblade)
Liparis loeselii (Loesel’s twayblade)

Genus Listera (twayblades)
Listera auriculata (auricled twayblade)
Listera convallarioides (broad-leaved twayblade)
Listera cordata (heart-leaved twayblade)

Genus Malaxis (Adder’s-mouth orchids)
Malaxis monophyllos var. brachypoda (white adder’s-mouth)
Malaxis paludosa (bog adder’s-mouth
Malaxis unifolia (green adder’s-mouth)

Genus Platanthera (bog orchids or rein orchids)
Platanthera aquilonis (northern green bog-orchid)
Platanthera clavellata (small green wood-orchid)
Platanthera dilatata var. dilatata (tall white bog-orchid)
Platanthera flava var. herbiola (tubercled rein-orchid)
Platanthera hookeri (Hooker’s orchid)
Platanthera huronensis (tall green bog-orchid)
Platanthera lacera (ragged fringed orchid)
Platanthera obtusata var. obtusata (bluntleaved rein-orchid)
Platanthera orbiculata (lesser roundleaved orchid)
Platanthera praeclara (western prairie fringed orchid)
Platanthera psycodes (small purple fringed orchid)

Genus Pogonia
Pogonia ophioglossoides (rose pogonia)

Genus Spiranthes (Ladies’-tresses orchids)
Spiranthes casei var. casei (Case’s ladies’-tresses)
Spiranthes cernua (nodding ladies’-tresses)
Spiranthes lacera var. gracilis (southern slender ladies’-tresses)
Spiranthes lacera var. lacera (northern slender ladies’-tresses)
Spiranthes magnicamporum (Great Plains ladies’-tresses)
Spiranthes romanzoffiana (hooded ladies’-tresses)

Phenology of Minnesota Orchids
Glossary
Bibliography
Index