Lara Croft

Lara Croft

Cyber Heroine

Astrid Deuber-Mankowsky

Translated by Dominic J. Bonfiglio

Foreword by Sue-Ellen Case

Avatar of girl power or sexual plaything? The ambiguity of being Lara

128 Pages, 5 x 7 in

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Lara Croft

Cyber Heroine

Series: Electronic Mediations

Astrid Deuber-Mankowsky

Translated by Dominic J. Bonfiglio

Foreword by Sue-Ellen Case

ISBN: 9780816643912

Publication date: May 2nd, 2005

128 Pages

7 x 4

Since the game Tomb Raider was first released in 1996, its protagonist Lara Croft has become an international celebrity. The virtual archaeologist-adventuress has been featured in various sequels to the original game, a line of action figures, two Hollywood films starring Angelina Jolie, forty comic books, a series of novels, and a variety of clothing, merchandise, and ephemera. She has appeared on the covers of Time and Newsweek, spawned innumerable Internet fan sites and a library of adulatory fan fiction, become a pornographic sex symbol, and even inspired a look-alike beauty pageant. Astrid Deuber-Mankowsky's groundbreaking study examines Lara Croft as a cyber heroine - a female body ubiquitously inhabited by game players, an icon of both female strength and male objectification, and the virtual future of fame. Despite Croft's prominence there have been few critical inquiries into her bridging of the boundary between virtual and real worlds or the extent to which she reflects and influences the image of women in digital media. First published in German and revised for this English-language edition, this book is an innovative analysis of the multimedia heroine, tracing the top-down marketing strategies and bottom-up frenzy that precipitated the Lara Croft phenomenon. For girls and women, Croft is a symbol of empowerment, a tough and self-assured riot grrl who has opened up the overwhelmingly masculinized world of computer gaming to female participants. At the same time, she personifies both heterosexual male fantasies and the twinned processes of globalization and cultural imperialism. Drawing on feminist and cultural studies, Deuber-Mankowsky sees Croft as symptomatic of the new media environment and its tendency to erase all qualitative difference, even sexual difference.

Astrid Deuber-Mankowsky is professor of media studies at Ruhr University Bochum.Dominic J. Bonfiglio is a freelance translator living in Berlin.Sue-Ellen Case is professor of critical studies at the University of California, Los Angeles.

Contents Foreword By Sue-Ellen Case 1. The Phenomenon of Lara Croft2. A Duplicitous Gift3. The Origins of a Cultural Icon4. The Market and the Hardware5. Medial Origins and Sexual Grounds6. Virtual Reality7. The Interactive Movie8. The Loss of Surface9. The Medialization of the Body10. The Universal Medium11. Tomb Raider: the Movie12. The Question of Sexual Difference13. Afterplay: the Next Generation NotesBibliographyIndex