Protesting Culture and Economics in Western Europe

New Cleavages in Left and Right Politics

2014
Author:

Swen Hutter

Brings social movement studies and research on populist parties into productive dialogue

In this far-reaching work, Swen Hutter demonstrates the usefulness of studying both electoral politics and protest politics to better understand the impacts of globalization. Hutter integrates research on cleavage politics and populist parties in Western Europe with research on social movements, showing how major new cleavages restructured protest politics over a thirty-year period, from the 1970s through the 1990s.

Taking us on a fascinating journey through more than thirty years of social movement mobilization, Protesting Culture and Economics in Western Europe offers the first systematic attempt to link the study of the movements of the left and right in Europe since the 1970s with party system dynamics. Building on a unique set of data that allows for the comparison of different issues across the electoral and protest arenas, this study not only contributes to our understanding of ‘who is organized into politics by whom,’ it also provides some definite answers to controversial questions surrounding social movements in the ‘age of globalization,’ and shows how much we gain by focusing on the interplay between electoral and protest politics.

Simon Bornschier, University of Zurich

In this far-reaching work, Swen Hutter demonstrates the usefulness of studying both electoral politics and protest politics to better understand the impacts of globalization. Hutter integrates research on cleavage politics and populist parties in Western Europe with research on social movements. He shows how major new cleavages restructured protest politics over a thirty-year period, from the 1970s through the 1990s. This major study brings back the concept of cleavages to social movement studies and connects the field with contemporary research on populism, electoral behavior, and party politics.

Hutter’s work extends the landmark 1995 New Social Movements in Western Europe, the book that spurred the recognition that a broad empirical frame is valuable for understanding powerful social movements. This new book shows that it is also beneficial to include the study of political parties and protest politics. While making extensive use of public opinion, protest event, and election campaigning data, Hutter skillfully employs contemporary data from six West European societies—Austria, Britain, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and Switzerland—to account for responses to protest events and political issues across countries.

Protesting Culture and Economics in Western Europe makes productive empirical, methodological, and theoretical contributions to the study of social movements and comparative politics. Empirically, it employs a new approach, along with new data, to explain changes in European politics over several decades. Methodologically, it makes rigorous yet creative use of diverse datasets in innovative ways, particularly across national borders. And theoretically, it makes a strong claim for considering the distinctive politics of protest across various issue domains as it investigates the asymmetrical politics of protest from left and right.

Swen Hutter is a research fellow at the European University Institute in Florence.

Taking us on a fascinating journey through more than thirty years of social movement mobilization, Protesting Culture and Economics in Western Europe offers the first systematic attempt to link the study of the movements of the left and right in Europe since the 1970s with party system dynamics. Building on a unique set of data that allows for the comparison of different issues across the electoral and protest arenas, this study not only contributes to our understanding of ‘who is organized into politics by whom,’ it also provides some definite answers to controversial questions surrounding social movements in the ‘age of globalization,’ and shows how much we gain by focusing on the interplay between electoral and protest politics.

Simon Bornschier, University of Zurich

This is very relevant work that addresses a broad array of issues in social movement studies. The data are impressive and innovative, comparative across six countries and several decades, and Swen Hutter’s analyses are strong, original, and straightforward.

Stefaan Walgrave, University of Antwerp

A thought-provoking, theoretically rich study.

CHOICE

This refined and empiracilly grounded study ultimately aims to inspire scholars to address challenging economic, political, and cultural issues in the era of globalization. . . The author transcends previous related research.

Social Forces

Protesting Culture and Economics in Western Europe is an impressive piece of research which opens exciting venues for future research in a rapidly changing West European landscape.

West European Politics

The book should be commended for making an ambitious effort to integrate multiple data sources to understand how the politics of Western Europe have been shifting.

Mobilization

Protesting Culture and Economics in Western Europe is highly successful in building a common ground for social movements and electoral politics while at the same time making a compelling study of the changing structures of cleavages in Western Europe.

Contemporary Sociology

The book is strongly recommended for courses addressing upper-level under- graduate as well as MA and PhD students of contentious politics, electoral poli- tics, social movements, citizen participation, social research methods, as well as globalization.

Social Forces

Contents

Introduction: From the Libertarian Left to the Populist Right

Part I. Theoretical Framework and the Context of Protest Politics
1. Globalization and the Integration–Demarcation Cleavage
2. Protest Politics, Electoral Politics, and the Political Process Approach
3. The Context Faced by Challengers: Institutions, Prevailing Strategies, and Cleavages

Part II. Empirical Analyses of Protest Politics
4. A New Protest Wave in the Age of Globalization?
5. Issue Divides in the Protest Arena: The Big Picture
6. Issue Divides in the Protest Arena: The Comparative Picture
7. Different Logics at Work? The Relationship between Protest and Electoral Politics

Conclusion: The Dynamics of Cleavage Politics across Political Arenas

Appendix A: The Protest Event Data and Selection Bias Tests
Appendix B: Issue Categorization
Appendix C: Salience of the Specific Issues by Decade and Country

Acknowledgments
Notes
Bibliography
Index