CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 3

FORMATIVE PERIOD: FOREIGN INFLUENCES 6

THE GENESIS OF GLORIA 18
Introduction, 18. Topography, 21. The Ambiente Moral, 31. Re-
ligion and Religions, 36. Krausismo in Other Novels, 53. Ship-
wrecks, 58. Priests — French and Spanish, 62. Gloria and Sibylle, 65.
Love for a Heretic, 68. The Bible and a Banquet, 73. Ivanhoe, 80.
The Jewish Hero, 88. More about Characters, 106. The Creative
Process, 111.

THE CREATION OF MARIANELA 114
Philosophic Symbolism, 114. Galdos' Contacts with positivism 115. Philosophy in Marianela and Wilhelm Meister, 118. The Idyllic Element, 120. Humanitarianism and Hugo, 123. Details from The
Wandering ]e<w, 130. The Fusion of the Elements, 132.

CONCLUSION 137
INDEX
ix
11
Philosophic Symbolism