The Wrong Man: A True Story of Innocence on Death Row

"Read this book; it is a love story and a tragedy. Michael Mello's fight to save Joe Spaziano's life is, in its odd way, a love story. The tragedy is ours. Mello's struggle with a system that cares more about protecting itself than finding the truth, that cares more about how it looks than it does about doing justice, that would rather kill an innocent man than admit its own mistakes, provides a harrowing and painful lesson for those who want to believe that equal justice under law exists in America today." Bonnie Raitt

"Michael Mello may be the most passionate opponent of the death penalty in America. In this remarkable book, he provides a searing account of his efforts to free 'Crazy Joe' Spaziano, who has spent decades on death row for a crime that Mello is convinced he did not commit. Even those who are less fervently opposed to capital punishment than Mello will be riveted by his eloquence, candor, and unshakable committment to his cause." Jeffrey Rosen

Timeline of Joseph Spaziano's case (1973-present)

August 5, 1973 Laura Lynn Harberts last seen alive
August 21, 1973 Human remains, later identified as those of Harberts, found at Altamonte dump
February 9, 1974 Vanessa Dale Croft raped and mutilated
Mid-February 1974 Keppie (DiLisio) tells police Joseph "Crazy Joe" Spaziano, a local biker, raped Croft
October 1974 to July 1975 Tony DiLisio ties Spaziano to rape and murder; DiLisio undergoes hypnosis sessions with police
August 1975 Spaziano tried, convicted, and sentened for Croft rape, based on testimony of Tony DiLisio
January 1976 Spaziano tried and convicted of murdering Harberts based on testimony of DiLisio; jury recommends life imprisonment, but judge overrides and imposes death sentence
1976-83 Direct appeal to Florida Supreme Court and liminted resentencing
1983 Florida Supreme Court affirms death sentence
October 1983 Michael Mello becomes Spaziano's lawyer
January 1984 U.S. Supreme Court grants plenary review on issue of legitimacy of jury override
February 1984 Brief filed in U.S. Supreme Court
March 1984 Oral argument in U.S. Supreme Court
June 1984 U.S. Supreme Court rules against Spaziano, affirming his death sentence; postconviction investigation kicks into high gear
June 1985 Public defender investigator Jerry Justine finds, in attic of deceased police detectives home, audiotapes of Tony DiLisio's 1975 hypnotism sessions with police, clemency petition filed
November 1985 First death warrang signed; execution scheduled for 7:00 a.m., December 3, 1985
November 11, 1985 Juror in Harberts murder trial executes affidavit saying jury recommended life imprisonment due to lingering doubts about Spaziano's guilt
November 20, 1985 State postconviction motion and stay application filed in state trial court
November 22, 1985 Oral arguement in state trial court; all relief denied
November 24, 1985 Florida Supreme Court brief filed
November 25, 1985 Oral arguement in Florida Supreme Court; stay of execution granted
1986-91 Two more death warrants; two more Florida Supreme Court stays
1992 Federal habeas corpus petition filed in federal destrict court
1993 Habeas petition denied; appeal to Federal Court of the Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit
1993-94 Brief and oral arguement in Eleventh Cirguit; denial of habeas corpus petition affirmed by Circuit; application for review in U.S. Supreme Court
January 1995 U.S. Supreme Court denies petition for plenary review
Early May 1995 Mello approaches Miami Herald about Spaziano's case, Herald says it will consider the matter
May 24, 1995 Fourth death warrant signed, execution scheduled for 7:00 a.m., June 27, 1995
May 25, 1995 Miami Herald conditions its involvement in Spaziano's case on Mello's writing an op-ed piece for the paper, explaining why he believes Spaziano is innocent
June 4, 1995 Mello's op-ed piece appears in Miami Herald and other Florida newspapers, Herald agrees to investigate Spaziano's case
June 9, 1995 Tony DiLisio recants to a Miami Herald reporter
June 11, 1995 Miami Herald runs front-page story on DiLisio's recantation
June 14, 1995 Florida Department of Law Enforcement (FDLE) officers question DiLisio, who repeats his recantation; interrogation is videotaped
June 15, 1995 Governor Chiles stays Spaziano's execution and orders FDLE to conduct secret investigation into believability of DiLisio's recantation
August 17, 1995 FDLE reports to governor results of its secret investigation; investigators say DiLisio's recantation is not believable
August 24, 1995 Governor signs fifth death warrant, execution scheduled for 7:00 a.m., September 21, 1995
September 7, 1995 Oral arguements in Florida Supreme Court on application for stay of execution
September 8, 1995 Florida Supreme Court denies stay and orders evidentiary hearing in 96 hours, under warrant, on believability of DiLisio's recantation; Mello faxes motion to Florida Supreme Court explaining why he cannot and will not participate in the hearing under warrant
September 12, 1995 Florida Supreme Court stays execution indefinitely and fires Mello from Spaziano's case, assigns case to public defender and gives public defender two months to prepare for hearing
January 22, 1996 Following hearing, state trial judge rules that DiLisio's recantation is believable, vacates Spaziano's murder conviction and death sentence, and orders new trial, state will again seek the death penalty
June 3, 1997 Grand jury indicts Spaziano again for capital murder of Laura Harberts
November 6, 1998 Spaziano, fearful that another miscarriage of justice will again put him on death row, enters into no-contest plea to second-degree murder in the Harberts case, with negotiated sentence of time served plus two years
November 6, 1998-present Spaziano continues to litigate validity of his rape conviction in the Croft case, which was also based on the now-recanted testimony of Tony DiLisio

 

Death Penalty Facts

Florida and the Death Penalty